کد خبر : 132810
تاریخ انتشار : یکشنبه 19 سپتامبر 2021 - 15:47

عضویت در شانگهای همه چیز نیست

عضویت در شانگهای همه چیز نیست

اثبات نیوز؛ گروه سیاسی: روزنامه جهان صنعت نوشت: نظام جمهوری اسلامی ایران سیاست خارجی استقلال‌طلبانه را در راهبردهای خود گنجانده و خط‌کشی سفت و محکمی درباره دوری از نظام سیاسی غربی به ویژه آمریکا را در درونمایه خود دارد. نظام سیاسی جمهوری اسلامی که دهه نخست تولد خود را به دوره مدیریت بر انقلاب و

اثبات نیوز؛

گروه سیاسی: روزنامه جهان صنعت نوشت: نظام جمهوری اسلامی ایران سیاست خارجی استقلال‌طلبانه را در راهبردهای خود گنجانده و خط‌کشی سفت و محکمی درباره دوری از نظام سیاسی غربی به ویژه آمریکا را در درونمایه خود دارد. نظام سیاسی جمهوری اسلامی که دهه نخست تولد خود را به دوره مدیریت بر انقلاب و تثبیت آن و سپس جنگ هشت‌ساله با کشور همسایه یعنی عراق سپری کرد هرگز فرصت نداشت در پیمان‌های تجاری منطقه‌ای یا جهانی عضو شود. پس از پایان جنگ نیز جز عضویت در سازمان همکاری‌های اقتصادی اکو که شامل برخی کشورهای همسایه و مسلمان است در هیچ پیمان تجاری عضویت نداشته است. ایران البته پس از جنگ سال‌های سال با ارائه درخواست عضویت در سازمان تجارت جهانی خواستار عضویت در این نهاد شده که به دلایل گوناگون هنوز به این سازمان ملحق نشده است.
علاوه بر این، ایران از ۲۰ سال پیش خواستار عضویت در پیمان شانگهای شده بود که از سوی چین رهبری می‌شود و هفت کشور که بیشتر شامل کشورهای رهاشده از امپراتوری شوروی سوسیالیستی هستند تاسیس شده بود‌. امسال اما در اجلاس برگزارشده در تاجیکستان ایران موفق شد موافقت هشت عضو دیگر را بری عضویت بگیرد و به این ترتیب ایران به انزواگرایی مطلق در پیوستن به اتحادیه‌ها و سازمان‌های منطقه‌ای تجاری پایان داد. دراین باره برخی ملاحظات وجود دارد که باید درکانون توجه قرار گیرد. مساله نخست و مهم این است که این عضویت را نباید در چارچوب رقابت‌های سیاسی- جناحی برده و رنگ و مزه سیاسی به آن اضافه کنیم که ببینید دولت تازه نیامده چه کار بزرگی انجام داد‌. این را دیگر اعضای شانگهای نیز رصد خواهند کرد و به طور قطع می‌تواند پیامد ناخوشایندی داشته باشد. دومین نکته این است که عضویت در شانگهای به لحاظ اقتصادی و تجاری به ویژه در همین ماه‌ها و سال‌های نخست چیزی به ظرفیت‌های ایران اضافه نمی‌کند. واقعیت این است که ایران تا همین دیروز هم برای تجارت با روسیه و چین که ستون و ارکان این پیمان به حساب می‌آیند تنگنایی نداشت‌.
چین در همه دهه ۱۳۹۰ شریک اصلی تجاری ایران بوده وهنوز نیز هست و صادرات این کشور به ایران بدون دردسر انجام می‌شده و ایران نیز صادرات نفت خام و فرآورده‌های پتروشیمی به این کشور داشته و دارد. ایران با روسیه نیز به دلیل مشابهت‌های فوق‌العاده از نظر ساختار اقتصادی به ویژه اتکا به صادرات نفت خام و نیز داشتن توانایی پنهان و پیدا در صادرات گاز و داشتن شرکت‌های غول‌پیکر دولتی- خصوصی و همچنین ناتوانی در تولید کالاهای صنعتی قابل صادرات در هر دو کشور، تجارت کوچکی با هم دارند. به این ترتیب می‌ماند کشورهای دیگر عضو شانگهای که آنها نیز اقتصادهای بزرگ به حساب نمی‌آیند. بنابراین باید از بزرگ‌نمایی سیاسی دوری کرده و کار را بر پایه توسعه تجارت با کشورهای عضو قرار دهیم.
همان‌طور که ایران انتظار دارد کشورهای عضو شانگهای در واردات از ایران رفتارهای تبعیضی غیرتعرفه‌ای و نیز محدودیت‌های تعرفه‌ای را کنار بگذارند آنها نیز انتظار دارند ایران راه را برای صادرات کالاهای با مزیت آنها باز کند. این یک مساله مهم است که آیا ایران به طور مثال حاضر است از خودکفایی گندم دست برداشته و واردات گندم از روسیه و قزاقستان را بدون تعرفه انجام دهد‌؟ باید واقع‌بین باشیم و مزیت‌ها و پیامدهای دیگر عضویت در شانگهای را خوب و درست ارزیابی کرده و خیال اینکه حالا با عضویت ایران در این پیمان به همه چیز می‌رسیم را کنار بگذاریم.

 

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