کد خبر : 145750
تاریخ انتشار : دوشنبه 25 جولای 2022 - 20:24

نتایج یک تحقیق: مصرف یک موز در روز می‌تواند فشار خون و سلامت قلب را در زنان بهبود بخشد

نتایج یک تحقیق: مصرف یک موز در روز می‌تواند فشار خون و سلامت قلب را در زنان بهبود بخشد

یک مطالعه جدید نشان می‌دهد مصرف بیشتر غذاهای غنی از پتاسیم مانند موز، آووکادو و سالمون در بین زنان مسن می‌تواند از آن‌ها در برابر حملات قلبی یا سکته محافظت کند. محققان به‌طور کلی می‌گویند پتاسیم یک ماده معدنی ضروری است که فشار خون را مخصوصا در افرادی که نمک زیادی مصرف می‌کنند کاهش می‌دهد.

یک مطالعه جدید نشان می‌دهد مصرف بیشتر غذاهای غنی از پتاسیم مانند موز، آووکادو و سالمون در بین زنان مسن می‌تواند از آن‌ها در برابر حملات قلبی یا سکته محافظت کند.

محققان به‌طور کلی می‌گویند پتاسیم یک ماده معدنی ضروری است که فشار خون را مخصوصا در افرادی که نمک زیادی مصرف می‌کنند کاهش می‌دهد. رژیم غذایی غنی از پتاسیم همچنین می‌توان با بیماری‌های قلبی-عروقی مبارزه کند.

پروفسور لیفرت وگت، نویسنده اصلی این تحقیق از دانشگاه آمستردام در یک بیانیه گفت: «به‌طور دقیق روشن شده است که مصرف زیاد نمک با افزایش فشار خون و افزایش خطر حملات قلبی و سکته مغزی مرتبط است.»

پتاسیم به بدن کمک می‌کند تا سدیم بیشتری را از طریق ادرار دفع کند. در تحقیق ما، رژیم غذایی غنی از پتاسیم در سلامتی زنان خود را نشان داده است.

پروفسور لیفرت وگت
نویسنده اصلی این تحقیق

وی افزود: «توصیه‌های بهداشتی بر محدود کردن مصرف نمک متمرکز است اما زمانی که رژیم غذایی ما شامل غذاهای فرآوری شده باشند رسیدن به این امر دشوار می‌شود. پتاسیم به بدن کمک می‌کند تا سدیم بیشتری را از طریق ادرار دفع کند. در تحقیق ما، رژیم غذایی غنی از پتاسیم در سلامتی زنان خود را نشان داده است.»

این یافته‌ها مبتنی بر مطالعه‌ای است که روی حدود ۲۵ هزار زن و مرد بین ۴۰ تا ۷۰ ساله در بریتانیا انجام شده است و محققان برای دو دهه این تحقیق را پیگیری کرده‌اند. طبق نتایج این تحقیق، با افزایش مصرف روزانه پتاسیم، فشار خون در زنانی که نمک زیادی مصرف می‌کردند کاهش یافت.

هر یک گرم افزایش روزانه پتاسیم در بین زنان با کاهش ۲.۴ میلیمتر جیوه در فشار خون سیستولیک همراه بود. فشار خون سیستولیک همان عدد اول یا عدد بالا در اندازه‌گیری فشار خون است. این عدد نشان‌دهنده حداکثر فشاری است که خون شما به دیواره شریان‌ها (سرخرگ‌ها) هنگام ضربان قلب وارد می‌کند.

کانوا
برخی از مواد غذایی سرشار از پتاسیمکانوا

پتاسیم در سایر میوه‌ها، سبزیجات، مغزیجات، شیر، ماهی، گوشت گاو، مرغ، بوقلمون و نان نیز وجود دارد. با این حال در این تحقیق ارتباطی بین پتاسیم و فشار خون در بین مردان پیدا نشد.

پروفسور لیفرت وگت گفت: «نتایج نشان می‌دهد که پتاسیم به حفظ سلامت قلب کمک می‌کند اما زنان بیشتر از مردان از این موضوع سود می‌برند. ارتباط بین پتاسیم و بیماری‌های قلبی-عروقی بدون توجه به مصرف نمک یکسان بود و نشان می‌دهد پتاسیم علاوه بر افزایش دفع سدیم راه‌های دیگری برای محافظت از قلب دارد.»

این مطالعه تحقیقاتی، بین سال‌های ۱۹۹۳ تا ۱۹۹۷ با ارائه پرسشنامه‌هایی به گروهی از زنان و مردان درباره عادت‌های سبک زندگیشان آغاز شد و در ابتدا فشار خون آن‌ها اندازه‌گیری و نمونه ادرارشان گرفته شد.

داوطلبان به شش گروه تقسیم شدند که انعکاس دهنده مصرف کم، متوسط و زیاد پتاسیم و نمک در بین آن‌ها بود. به‌طور کلی افرادی که بیشترین مصرف پتاسیم را در رژیم غذایی خود داشتند در مقایسه با همسالان خود که کمترین میزان مصرف پتاسیم را داشتند، ۱۳ درصد کمتر در معرض خطر حملات قلبی یا سکته بودند.

پروفسور لیفرت وگت گفت: «یافته‌های ما نشان می‌دهد که یک رژیم غذایی سالم برای قلب فراتر از محدود کردن نمک به افزایش میزان پتاسیم است. شرکت‌های مواد غذایی می‌توانند با تغییر نمک استاندارد مبتنی بر سدیم و جایگزینی با نمک پتاسیم در غذاهای فرآوری شده یاری رسان سلامت شهروندان باشند. علاوه بر این همه ما باید غذاهای تازه و فرآوری نشده را در اولویت قرار دهیم زیرا هم سرشار از پتاسیم هستند و هم نمک کمی دارند.»

کدام غذاها بهترین منبع پتاسیم هستند؟

در طی این مطالعه، ۱۳ هزار و ۵۹۶ شرکت کننده (۵۵ درصد) به دلیل بیماری قلبی-عروقی در بیمارستان بستری شدند یا فوت کردند. تیم تحقیقاتی هلندی همچنین سن، جنس، شاخص توده بدنی، مصرف سدیم، استفاده از داروهای کاهش دهنده کلسترول، کشیدن سیگار، مصرف الکل، دیابت و حمله قلبی یا سکته قلبی را در این تحقیق لحاظ کردند.

CANVA PRO
برخی از مواد غذایی سرشار از پتاسیمCANVA PRO

سازمان جهانی بهداشت به بزرگسالان توصیه می‌کند که حداقل ۳.۵ گرم پتاسیم در روز و کمتر از پنج گرم نمک مصرف کنند. این نهاد مصرف میزان زیادی از سبزیجات، میوه، مغزیجات، لوبیا، محصولات لبنی و ماهی را توصیه می‌کند. یک موز ۱۱۳ گرمی حدود ۳۷۵ میلی‌گرم پتاسیم دارد در حالی که ۱۴۱ گرم ماهی سالمون پخته شده ۷۸۰ میلی‌گرم پتاسیم دارد. یک سیب‌زمینی ۱۳۶ گرمی ۵۰۰ میلی‌گرم پتاسیم دارد و نیم پیمانه شیر حاوی ۳۷۵ میلی‌گرم از این ماده مغذی است.

نتایج این مطالعه در مجله قلب اروپا منتشر شده است.

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